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| [00:08.52]In 1850,the congress of the United States debated [00:18.44]an importtan compromise proposal. [00:22.78]The compromise dealt mostly with the national dispute over slavery. [00:29.99]The dispute threatened to split the northern [00:35.63]and southern parts of the country.There was a danger of war. [00:41.56]Many leaders in the north and south supported the compromise. [00:48.90]But President Zachary Taylor did not. [00:54.15]Taylor did not think there was a crisis. [01:00.87]He did not belive the dispute over slavery was as serious as others did [01:08.81]He had his own plan to settle one part of the dispute. [01:17.14]He would make the new territory of California a free state. [01:23.77]Slavery there would be banned. [01:28.92]Taylor's plan did not,however,settle other parts of the dispute. [01:35.69]It said nothing about laws on escaped slaves. [01:41.83]It said nothing about slavery in the nation's capital [01:47.18]the District of Columbia. [01:50.52]It said nothing about the border dispute between Texas and New Mexico. [01:58.26]The congressional compromise was an attempt to settle all these problems [02:06.30]Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky,who had written the compromise [02:14.14]questioned the president's limited proposal. [02:18.58]Clay said:"Now what is the plan of the President? [02:26.31]Here are five problems...five wounds that are bleeding [02:33.23]and threatening the life of the republic . [02:37.28]What is the President's plan? [02:41.12]Is it to heal all these wounds? [02:46.37]No such thing.It is to heal one of the five and to leave the other four [02:56.22]to bleed more than ever." [03:00.85]While the debate continued in Washington,the situation in Texas [03:08.79]and New Mexico got worse. [03:12.34]Texas claimed a large part of New Mexico, [03:17.77]including the capital,Santa Fe. [03:22.79]Early in 1850,Texas sent a representative to Santa Fe to take control [03:31.51]of the government. [03:33.76]The United States military commander in New Mexico advised the people [03:41.60]not to recognize the man. [03:45.33]The governor of Texas was furious. [03:50.69]He decided to send state soldiers to enforce Texas's claims in New Mexico [03:59.83]He said if trouble broke out,the United States Government would be to blame [04:08.79]President Taylor rejected Texas's claims. [04:15.32]He told his secretary of war to send an order [04:20.96]to the military commander in New Mexico. [04:24.91]The commander was to use force to oppose any attempt [04:31.67]by Texas to seize the territory. [04:35.62]The secretary of war said he would not send such and order. [04:43.17]He believed that if fighting began [04:48.31]southerners would hurry to the aid of Texas. [04:52.75]And that,he thought,might be the start of a southern struggle [04:58.79]against the federal government. [05:02.03]In a short time,the north and south would be at war. [05:08.35]When the secretary of war refused to sign the order, [05:14.49]President Taylor answered sharply."Then I will sign the order myself!" [05:22.04]Taylor had been a general before becoming president. [05:27.78]He said he would take command of the army himself to enforce the law. [05:34.42]And he said he was willing to hang anyone who rebelled against the union [05:42.15]President Taylor began writing a message to congress on the situation. [05:50.77]He never finished it. [05:54.61]On the afternoon of July 4,1850,Taylor attended [06:01.82]an outdoor Independence Day ceremony. [06:06.79]The ceremony was held at the place [06:10.63]where a monument to America's first president,George Washington [06:16.37]was being built.The day was very hot [06:22.41]and Taylor stood for a long time in the burning sun. [06:28.15]That night,he became sick with pains in his stomach. [06:35.08]Doctors were called to the White House. [06:39.70]But none of their treatments worked. [06:43.44]Five days later,President Taylor died. [06:49.26]Vice President Millard was sworn-in as president. |
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