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| [00:05.12]Cassava is an important food in the diets of more than 500,000,000 people in Africa, Asia and South America. [00:15.70]However, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization notes that agricultural development policies [00:24.53]often forget the importance of cassava. [00:27.85]FAO officials organized a conference to prepare a plan of action to demonstrate the value of this food crop. [00:38.03]Agricultural experts met late last month in Rome, Italy. [00:43.60]Thousands of years ago, people in South America grew cassava as a food crop. [00:50.99]Portuguese explorers took the plant to Africa during the Sixteenth Century. [00:57.81]Today, it is one of the most important crops in Africa. [01:02.90]FAO officials say more than 116,000,000 tons of cassava were grown worldwide last year. [01:12.72]They expect production to rise to almost 210,000,000 tons in five years. [01:20.30]Cassava is a root plant. [01:22.96]It can live without water better than other root or cereal crops. [01:28.45]It is the most productive crop in poor soils. [01:32.50]Cassava requires little fertilizer or other chemicals. [01:37.20](And) it needs the least labor to grow. [01:41.17]Farmers can harvest cassava anytime from eight to twenty-four months after planting. [01:48.28]The crops can be left in the ground as a safeguard against unexpected food shortages. [01:56.82]Cassava can be grown in many different environments. [02:00.76]Farmers grow it on sandy soil in coastal areas where there is a lot of rain. [02:07.74]They also grow it in dry areas 1,000 meters above sea level. [02:14.32]People can eat both the leaves and the root of cassava. [02:20.49]But the root is the main product. [02:23.41]Most people cut (the roots into) pieces and cook them over an open fire. [02:29.13]The plant also can be made into other food products. [02:34.02]Cassava leaves contain a lot of vitamins, protein and minerals. [02:40.76]However, many kinds of cassava contain high levels of a poisonous substance that must be removed before the plant can be eaten. [02:51.57]So cassava must be prepared very carefully to prevent poisoning those who eat it. [02:58.08]FAO officials say the nation officials say the nation of Ghana has shown the importance of improving cassava production. [03:06.04]The officials say Ghana was able to reduce hungermore more quickly than any country between 1980 and 1996. |
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